Cell Division
Mitosis: Produces two identical daughter cells with the same chromosome count as the parent. Used for growth and tissue repair.
Meiosis: Produces four daughter cells with half the chromosome count (haploid gametes — sperm and eggs). Crossing over (exchange of genetic segments between homologous chromosomes) occurs during Prophase I, creating genetic diversity.
Human somatic (body) cells: 46 chromosomes (23 pairs). Human gametes (sperm/egg): 23 chromosomes. Fertilization restores the full 46-chromosome count.
Other concepts in General Science
- Cell Biology
- Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
- Genetics and Heredity
- Osmosis and Diffusion
- Human Body Systems
- Taxonomy (Classification of Life)
- Ecology
- Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
- Chemical Bonding
- Acids, Bases, and pH
- States of Matter and Phase Changes
- Waves, Sound, and Light
- Earth and Space Science
- Newton's Laws of Motion